However it is interesting that the non pneumatic wheel performed almost as well as the pneumatic wheel on concrete below freezing temperature 25 f.
Friction wheel on carpet.
Each wheel is capable of holding up to 130 pounds.
On dirt non pneumatic wheels showed rolling resistance higher than carpet.
One way to determine the coefficient of rolling friction between a wheel and some surface is to measure the torque required to keep the wheel rolling at a constant velocity.
Once wheels are slipping traction per wheel is tw k x ww where ww is weight per wheel and k a constant depending on tyre and ground materials.
11 introduction friction plays a major role.
The coefficient of friction become higher when shoes slip in the machine tufted direction than when shoes slip in width direction.
This is not a friction problem per se.
Solid friction laws says no and this is clearly demonstrated in the table below.
Another way is the start the wheel rolling at some velocity and time how long it takes to for the wheel to stop.
Thanks to the increased sized of the caster this enables the wheel to roll over the carpet and even tile.
That is not all the energy needed for deformation or movement of the wheel roadbed etc is recovered when the pressure is removed.
Rolling resistance of a castor wheel mounted machine or equipment is therefore the measure of the friction between floor surface and the tread of the castors wheel.
There is a difference in slipperiness among directions of a carpet.
Consider a 102kg 1000n trolley on a set of four soft rubber castors sitting stationary on a rough concrete floor where the rubber wheels deflect deform due to the load put up on them.
The resistance of the caster to roll on the carpet is more a function of the wheel size how far will it sink into the carpet and the internal resistance to.
It is mainly caused by non elastic effects.